The Mosaics in the Basilica of Soli, North Cyprus

Soli, in North Cyprus, is not far from Guzelyurt. Soli is"But Constantine bound us all to our guilds. My sons
an ancient town where you can see the ruins of themust become mosaic artists just as I followed my
marketplace from Greek days, a Roman-era theater,father. Auxebius has a genuine feel for the art, and I
and a Byzantine basilica. Step back in time to learnthink he can become great. But Markos, Markos
about Soli in the days not long after Constantine thehasn't an artistic bone in his body. I am sending him
Great. Meet Georgio. He will explain to you how heto school. If he can read and write, he can enter the
makes his mosaics during the last half of the 4thImperial service and forge his own place in the world.
century. And you will also see the impact of"Why do my sons have such emphatically Christian
Constantine's changes on his life and times.names? I had their mother become Christian.
"I am Georgio, who made many of the mosaics atAphrodite has been good to me, but perhaps the
your feet. You are in Soli in the north of Cyprus, theBishop is right and she is too old to help mankind any
town where the Christian St. Mark was baptized bylonger.
the Apostle Paul. You see, I know my Christian"Enough sad talk! Let me show you how I make
history, though I myself continue to worship our ownpictures with stones. See these squares? They are
Cypriot goddess, Aphrodite. Aphrodite was born herecut no bigger than my smallest fingernail, all as close
and she has seen us through many troubles. It wouldas can be to the same size. I use marble and
be horribly rude to forget her now.porphyry and many other stones of various colors. I
"Yes, Constantine made it legal to be Christian, backalso use tiles made from ceramic, but I do not like
in 313. I am sure you know the tale. He saw a visionthem as well as stone. The latest craze is to use
before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge in the yearpieces of glass. My son, Auxebius, uses them a great
before. Milvian Bridge was the most important battledeal. I like the glass tiles just for emphasis. But the
of his career, and he was greatly outnumbered. Hisvarious powders the glassmakers use give brilliant
men wore the Christian Cross into battle andcolor, don't they?
triumphed. So Constantine owed Christ a favor and"I work in one small section at a time, following the
stopped the persecution of his followers.drawing. The squares--we call them tesserae whether
"But let me show you this church. It is patternedthey are made of stone, ceramic, or glass--are set
after the Roman basilica. Once they were legal,directly into this lime cement. Once the picture is
Christians came out of hiding and bought propertycomplete, I will use more cement to fill all the spaces
for a place of worship. They did not want to copybetween the tiles. Once finished, my picture will last
our temples, so they just use the normal plan for anyfor many, many years under the tread of thousands
place of public business, the basilica. The largeof feet.
courtyard with its columns is where the"Is the picture a goose or a swan? No, I am not
not-yet-baptized stand during the ceremonies.offended. Of course I can draw a more graceful
"The baptized Christians stand between the columnsswan or a more domestic-looking goose. But I did not
in the long part, the nave. The rounded section atintend to do that. You see, it is rumored that
the end is the apse. You must imagine the buildingTheodosius wants to close the last remaining pagan
filled with worshippers in their best and brightesttemples. We Cypriots will have no where to honor
clothing. First come incense bearers, who perfumeAphrodite, who was born here. Some of us older folk
the church with clouds of sweet smoke. Then thehave clubbed together to donate this mosaic.
Bishop enters in gorgeous robes, embroidered with"I told the Bishop it was a goose, a symbol of fidelity
gold. He is followed by candle-bearers and chanters.in marriage. He approved my sketch. But he is not a
"I do not begrudge them their pomp. The old-timewell-educated man, nor is he a native of Cyprus.
Romans had us worship the Emperor himself, but ofOtherwise he might have seen the goose is very like
course nobody really believed he was a god. So nowa swan. The swan, you see, is a symbol of
the Emperor is not divine, but rules on behalf of God,Aphrodite. The dolphins call to mind her birth from the
and that is more believable.sea. And the fruits remind us how she has kept our
"In the New Rome, Constantine and his successorsisland fertile and our people fed all these years.
elevate men to high status because of their talents."When the time comes that we can no longer
Education and ability have become the best keys toworship our goddess, we old pagans will stand near
advancement, that and being Christian. Constantinethis mosaic and bow with the utmost reverence.
also stabilized the currency.Even Emperors and Bishops cannot read hearts.